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  {
    "slide": 1,
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        "text_description": "Atoms and Molecules\nFrom invisible particles to measurable realities.",
        "image_description": ""
      }
    ]
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    "slide": 2,
    "fragments": [
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        "fragment_index": -1,
        "text_description": "What is an Atom?\nAtom\nThe fundamental unit of an element. It is the smallest particle that retains all the element’s chemical properties.",
        "image_description": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slide": 3,
    "fragments": [
      {
        "fragment_index": 1,
        "text_description": "What is a Molecule?",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 2,
        "text_description": "Molecule",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 3,
        "text_description": "A molecule is two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds, acting as one independent unit.",
        "image_description": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slide": 4,
    "fragments": [
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        "text_description": "Atom vs. Molecule\nAtom\nMolecule\nKey Similarities",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 1,
        "text_description": "Fundamental unit of an element.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 2,
        "text_description": "Composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 3,
        "text_description": "Indivisible by chemical reactions.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 4,
        "text_description": "Exists alone or joins others to form molecules.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 5,
        "text_description": "Two or more atoms chemically bonded.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 6,
        "text_description": "Smallest unit of a compound or elemental gas.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 7,
        "text_description": "Has fixed composition and atom ratio.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 8,
        "text_description": "Acts as an independent particle in reactions.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 9,
        "text_description": "Both are electrically neutral overall.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 10,
        "text_description": "Obey the laws of chemical combination.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 11,
        "text_description": "Together make up all matter around us.",
        "image_description": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slide": 5,
    "fragments": [
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        "fragment_index": -1,
        "text_description": "Atomicity\nAtomicity\nAtomicity is the number of atoms present in one molecule of an element or compound.\nKey Classifications:\nExample:\nHe is monoatomic, O₂ is diatomic, P₄ is polyatomic.",
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      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 1,
        "text_description": "Monoatomic\n: single atom molecules – He, Ne",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 2,
        "text_description": "Diatomic\n: two atoms per molecule – O₂, N₂",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 3,
        "text_description": "Polyatomic\n: three or more atoms – O₃ (tri-atomic), P₄ (tetra-atomic)",
        "image_description": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slide": 6,
    "fragments": [
      {
        "fragment_index": 1,
        "text_description": "Law of Conservation of Mass",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 2,
        "text_description": "Mass is Conserved",
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      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 3,
        "text_description": "Mass can neither be created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction; reactant mass equals product mass.",
        "image_description": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slide": 7,
    "fragments": [
      {
        "fragment_index": -1,
        "text_description": "Law of Constant Proportions\nProust’s Law\nAny chemical compound has its elements in a fixed mass ratio, no matter the sample’s origin or amount.\nAlso called Proust’s Law (1799).\nSource: NCERT, Grade 10 Science",
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      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slide": 8,
    "fragments": [
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        "fragment_index": -1,
        "text_description": "Conservation of Mass: Experimental Illustration\nSealed flask weighed before and after mixing the solutions.\nHow the Closed-Flask Test Works",
        "image_description": "sealed_flask_experiment.png"
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 1,
        "text_description": "A sealed flask holds separate NaCl and AgNO₃ solutions; its total mass is recorded before mixing.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 2,
        "text_description": "After shaking, AgCl precipitate forms; the flask’s mass remains unchanged, proving mass is conserved.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 3,
        "text_description": "Key Points:\nClosed system prevents matter escape.\nInitial mass equals final mass.\nConfirms the law of conservation of mass.",
        "image_description": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slide": 9,
    "fragments": [
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        "fragment_index": -1,
        "text_description": "Match the Element Symbols\n{% if intro %}\nDrag each chemical symbol to its correct element name to master common periodic table symbols.\n{% endif %}\nDraggable Items\n{% for item in draggable_items %}\n{{ item.label }}\n{% endfor %}\nDrop Zones\n{% for zone in drop_zones %}\n{{ zone.label }}\n{% endfor %}\n{% if tip %}\nTip:\nSymbols are one or two letters; the first letter is always uppercase.\n{% endif %}\n{{ check_answers_text or 'Check Answers' }}\nResults\n// Drag and drop functionality\n        const draggableItems = document.querySelectorAll('.draggable-item');\n        const dropZones = document.querySelectorAll('.drop-zone');\n        const checkAnswersBtn = document.getElementById('checkAnswersBtn');\n        const feedbackArea = document.getElementById('feedbackArea');\n        const feedbackContent = document.getElementById('feedbackContent');\n        \n        // Drag and drop event listeners\n        draggableItems.forEach(item => {\n            item.addEventListener('dragstart', handleDragStart);\n            item.addEventListener('dragend', handleDragEnd);\n        });\n        \n        dropZones.forEach(zone => {\n            zone.addEventListener('dragover', handleDragOver);\n            zone.addEventListener('drop', handleDrop);\n            zone.addEventListener('dragenter', handleDragEnter);\n            zone.addEventListener('dragleave', handleDragLeave);\n        });\n        \n        function handleDragStart(e) {\n            e.target.classList.add('opacity-50');\n            e.dataTransfer.setData('text/plain', e.target.dataset.id);\n        }\n        \n        function handleDragEnd(e) {\n            e.target.classList.remove('opacity-50');\n        }\n        \n        function handleDragOver(e) {\n            e.preventDefault();\n        }\n        \n        function handleDragEnter(e) {\n            e.preventDefault();\n            e.target.closest('.drop-zone').classList.add('border-green-500', 'bg-green-50');\n        }\n        \n        function handleDragLeave(e) {\n            e.target.closest('.drop-zone').classList.remove('border-green-500', 'bg-green-50');\n        }\n        \n        function handleDrop(e) {\n            e.preventDefault();\n            const dropZone = e.target.closest('.drop-zone');\n            dropZone.classList.remove('border-green-500', 'bg-green-50');\n            \n            const itemId = e.dataTransfer.getData('text/plain');\n            const draggedItem = document.querySelector(`[data-id=\"${itemId}\"]`);\n            \n            if (draggedItem && dropZone) {\n                dropZone.appendChild(draggedItem);\n                dropZone.querySelector('.text-center').style.display = 'none';\n            }\n        }\n        \n        // Check answers functionality\n        checkAnswersBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {\n            // Implementation for checking answers would go here\n            feedbackArea.classList.remove('hidden');\n            feedbackContent.innerHTML = '<p class=\"text-green-600\">Answers checked! Review your results above.</p>';\n        });",
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  {
    "slide": 10,
    "fragments": [
      {
        "fragment_index": -1,
        "text_description": "Writing Chemical Formulae\nUse valency rules to write accurate chemical formulae.\nPro Tip:\nEnsure total positive and negative charges balance—this confirms the formula obeys valency rules.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 1,
        "text_description": "1\nWrite element symbols\nPlace the metal symbol first and the non-metal second.",
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      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 2,
        "text_description": "2\nNote & cross valencies\nWrite each valency above its symbol, then criss-cross the numbers to the opposite element.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 3,
        "text_description": "3\nSimplify subscripts\nDivide crossed numbers by their common factor to get the simplest whole-number ratio.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 4,
        "text_description": "4\nWrite final formula\nWrite symbols with simplified subscripts; omit subscript 1 to complete the chemical formula.",
        "image_description": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slide": 11,
    "fragments": [
      {
        "fragment_index": -1,
        "text_description": "Calculating Molecular Mass\n\\[ M_{\\text{H}_2\\text{O}} = (2 \\times 1\\,\\text{u}) + (1 \\times 16\\,\\text{u}) = 18\\,\\text{u} \\]\nVariable Definitions\nApplications",
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      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 1,
        "text_description": "M\nMolecular mass of the compound (u)",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 2,
        "text_description": "n\nNumber of atoms of each element",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 3,
        "text_description": "A\nAtomic mass of the element (u)",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 4,
        "text_description": "u\nUnified atomic mass unit",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 5,
        "text_description": "Stoichiometry\nCompute reactant and product amounts in chemical equations.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 6,
        "text_description": "Mass–Mole Conversions\nTranslate grams of a substance into moles using its molecular mass.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 7,
        "text_description": "Purity Check\nCompare measured mass with theoretical value to assess sample purity.",
        "image_description": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slide": 12,
    "fragments": [
      {
        "fragment_index": 1,
        "text_description": "The Mole Concept",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 2,
        "text_description": "Mole",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 3,
        "text_description": "One mole contains exactly 6.022 × 10²³ entities, called the Avogadro number. It connects microscopic particles to measurable mass in chemistry.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 4,
        "text_description": "Unit symbol: mol — essential for converting grams to particles and back.",
        "image_description": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slide": 13,
    "fragments": [
      {
        "fragment_index": -1,
        "text_description": "Mole-Mass-Number Conversions\nUse Avogadro’s number and molar mass to switch between mass, moles, and particles.\nPro Tip:\nKeep units visible at every step to avoid conversion errors.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 1,
        "text_description": "1\nIdentify Given Mass\nExample: Water sample has 36 g. Note formula H₂O and molar mass 18 g mol⁻¹.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 2,
        "text_description": "2\nConvert Mass → Moles\nMoles = mass ÷ molar mass = \\(36\\,\\text{g} \\div 18\\,\\text{g mol}^{-1} = 2\\ \\text{mol}\\).",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 3,
        "text_description": "3\nConvert Moles → Particles\nMolecules = moles × \\(6.022\\times10^{23}\\) = \\(2 \\times 6.022\\times10^{23} = 1.2044\\times10^{24}\\).",
        "image_description": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slide": 14,
    "fragments": [
      {
        "fragment_index": -1,
        "text_description": "Key Takeaways\nminimalistic atom network graphic\nThank You!\nWe hope you found this lesson informative and engaging.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 1,
        "text_description": "Atoms are the smallest units of matter and join to form molecules.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 2,
        "text_description": "Laws of chemical combination fix the ratio in which atoms unite.",
        "image_description": ""
      },
      {
        "fragment_index": 3,
        "text_description": "The mole links atomic scale to lab scale: \\(6.022 \\times 10^{23}\\) particles per mole.",
        "image_description": ""
      }
    ]
  }
]